English language in west africa pdf

In august 2017, the bbc launched a pidgin news service, aimed at audiences in west and central africa, as part of its world service branch. Gambia all these countries are part of the economic community of west african states ecowas a body trying to increase economic integration of wes. It sharpens peoples thoughts and guides and controls their entire activity. It is very difficult to think of a society without language. Main features the richness of the price a world language must be prepared to pay is submission folktales. We look at some of the ways in which the language is changing. Our site can help you both as a translator and a dictionary for the whole text. English is still taught and used, being an official language there. Over 100,000 french translations of english words and phrases. It is named after the angles, one of the germanic tribes that migrated to the area of great britain that later took their name, england. In west africa the majority of english speakers have their own mothertongues and use english mainly for contact purposes, intertribally andinternationally.

Gabon, another francophone state, followed suit in 2012. Larnedu has the largest wassce past questions collection on the web and this is no exaggeration were not perfect but we have been working towards improving every day and achieving our mission, which includes helping every student that accesses our learning resources and is ready to work hard, excel academically. The languages of africa are divided into several major language families. Uganda is the country where more than 60 languages are spoken. The language situation in africa today was a government primary school which had swahili medium upto the fourth grade.

Rwanda also uses english as a means of communication. Archived from the original pdf on 14 february 2012. English in west africa n furthermore, the republic of south africa is interesting as it shows the interaction of english and dutch in colonial times, producing the language afrikaans which is in many respects a pidginised form of dutch. English language literature from western africa 1718. The west african senior school certificate examination wassce is a type of standardized test taken in west africa, mostly by students who wish to proceed to the higher institution. English in west africa is linked to the slave tradefrom the late fifteenth century onwards, british traders travelled at different times to.

English language proficiency is essential for students who are expected to complete tasks in english and also tasks in other subjects. Paper 3 oral english 50 marks this paper will test candidates. Helpful list of african countries and nationalities with african languages and esl images. Used by upwards of 30 million people, west african pidgin english wape serves primarily as an interethnic lingua. Style of language use in childhood in yoruba speech community ayeomoni, m. French is the official language of guinea, which is a predominantly islamic nation. French translation of west africa collins englishfrench. The english language in francophone west africa english agenda. English african online translation text translator. West africa linguistic data consortium university of pennsylvania. List of countries, capitals, currencies, and languages in english countries, capitals.

The history of the english language in south africa can be traced back to the first british occupation in 1795. Teach english in africa teaching jobs in africa teach away. West africa is the part of africa that is located in the western part of africa and most of it is in subsaharan africa. It generally appears that the official language of a country is the one in which the laws of the country are made and publicised, whereas the national language is. Since the colonial era, indoeuropean languages such as afrikaans, english, french. Namibia, kenya, sierra leone, liberia, south africa, and nigeria. English in west africa in the recent literature, we observe a highly critical, and often negative, view of the sociocultural role and function of the english language. Languages west africa language families few regions of the world boast as diverse and dense a collection of language families as west africa.

Millions speak this language in western africa codycross. The language situation in africa today nordic journal of african. The causes of poor performance in english language among. It is typically acquired as a second, third, or fourth language, and the line between english as used by a small elite and the more general west african pidgin english is difficult to draw. As conventionally understood, however, west africa is primarily a political and economic designation and comprises all the areas considered.

Setswana national language with minor differences in dialects, english is the official business language and it is widely spoken in urban areas. Pdf the english language in francophone west africa. Spoken languages of african countries nations online project. Geographically, west africa is well distinguished from other parts of africa. The development and characteristics of english in africa generally will thus be discussed before the discussion turns to east african english with a special emphasis on kenya.

Rwanda, a former belgian colony, downgraded french and adopted english as its official language in education in 2008. It is administered by the west african examination council waec. The percentage of public school students in the united states who were english language learners ells was higher in fall 2016 9. West africa is by far the most heterogeneous region with regard to english accents. The english speaking, or anglophone, west cameroon was annexed in a united republic, and in 1984 the word.

Economic growth in benin, burkina faso, and cote divoire occurred in tandem with a rapid exodus of labor out of agriculture. It originated in england and is the dominant language of the u. Locating linguistic diversity, trento, tangram edizioni scientifiche, 2010. English as used in west africa the official language of nigeria, ghana, sierra leone, gambia, and cameroon. English as a second language has to be discussed, since english is the second, third, or even fourth language of east africas inhabitants. Which are the west african english speaking countries and how. It is spoken by 372 million native and about a billion nonnative speakers. Mother tongue debate and language policy in south africa. Ghanaian english dictionary roger blench circulation draft 6 ghanaian pos explanation example etymology a. Setswana should be taught as a compulsory subject through primary school. While some phonological areal features shared by several west african. Aug 17, 2012 the english language in south africa sae dates from the arrival of the british at the cape of good hope in 1795. Afroasiatic languages are spread throughout western asia, north africa, the horn of. English is a west germanic language first spoken in early medieval england.

As global media brands push to expand their reach and audience, pidgin englisha language spoken by millions across west africais gaining currency. Alternative a for school candidates in the gambia and sierra leone, alternative b for private candidates in the gambia and sierra. History explains why cameroon is at war with itself over. Today more and more african nations are planning to adopt english as an official language. Why are more african countries adopting english as an. A number of british settlers also came to the cape in 1820. It covers an area of 245,860 sq km and has a population of 10.

Islam and the english language in east and west africa, in. English was considered to be the civilized language and the upper classes, even those from the dutch stock used it in their everyday life. Learn list of african countries, african languages, african nationalities and. Mutonya 436 english remains the official language and medium of instruction in many african countries with a history of british colonial rule, where the english language.

Planet earth, under the sea, inventions, seasons, circus. Its not commonly written down, but the bbc recently began broadcasting in pidgin and created a written standard. Nov 16, 2016 the bbc is launching 11 new language services and one of them is english based pidgin, which is one of the most widely spoken languages across west africa, even though it is not officially recognised. Definition and examples of west african pidgin english. British varieties of english develop in 6 particular countries, which have english as an official language. The term west africa is also often used to refer to this part of the continent. West african english, digital discourse, online forums, language use, nigeria, ghana, sierra leone. The term west african pidgin english refers to a continuum of english based pidgins and creoles spoken along the west coast of africa, particularly in nigeria, liberia, and sierra leone. English is the second most spoken language in the world after the chinese language.

As was the case in most colonies, english was introduced first by soldiers and administrators, then by missionaries, settlers, and fortuneseekers. West african pidgin english is a creole language with about 75 million speakers. Approximately 64% of native english speakers are in the united states, 16. It provides an overview of the historical phases of trading contact, british colonization and missionary activities and describes the current role of english in these. West african languages have the largest concentration of fi rst and second language speakers on the continent, after amharic and swahili in east africa. The english language in francophone west africa examines the language situations in eight west african nations benin, burkina faso, cote divoire, guinea, mali, mauritania, senegal and togo.

The english language in west africa pdf free download. Both names derive from anglia, a peninsula in the baltic sea. Dec 12, 2018 english is the primary language of nigeria and ghana, but the language is spoken as a lingua franca in both states. Welcome to our wassce waec english language past questions page. The english language in francophone west africa examines the language situations in eight west african nations benin, burkina faso, cote. English as a global language second edition davidcrystal,worldauthorityontheenglishlanguage,presentsalively andfactualaccountoftheriseofenglishasagloballanguageandex. This chapter describes the history, role, and structural properties of english in the west african countries the gambia, sierra leone, liberia, ghana, nigeria, the anglophone part of cameroon, and the island of saint helena. English should be used as a medium of instruction from standard 2 by year 2002 basimolodi, 145. The absolute beginners guide to pidgin kobby graham. If youre aiming for a west african audience, pidgin might be a more effective choice than plain old standard english. English in africa was founded in 1974 to provide a forum for the study of african literature and english as a language of africa. One of west africas most diverse countries, cameroon is a mix of french and english speaking areas, with hundreds of local languages spoken across the country as well.

All you need to do is copy and paste the desired text. The english language in francophone west africa english. The importance of using past questions in preparing for your west african senior school certificate examination wassce, cannot be over emphasised. Each world has more than 20 groups with 5 puzzles each. Codycross is an addictive game developed by fanatee. The influenced english language is not only noticed in the united states but also in jamaica and other english speaking countries the influence of african slaves on the english language the english language has been greatly influenced by. The influence of african slaves on the english language by.

List of countries, capitals, currencies, and languages in. Dictionary and grammar of the kongo language, as spoken at san salvador, the ancient capital of the old kongo empire, west africa. English language, a west germanic language of the indoeuropean language family that is closely related to frisian, german, and dutch languages. In this sense it is a descriptive abstraction, not necessarily an established, recognised norm, which should become clear from u,e following survey.

West african languages have the largest concentration of fi rst and secondlanguage speakers on the continent, after amharic and swahili in east africa. East africa and west africa, which are geographically far apart but struggling with. Secondary schools in aniocha south local government area of delta state nigeria augustine o evue school of general studies delta state polytechnic delta state abstract this study examines the challenges facing the teaching of english language in secondary schools in aniocha south local government area of delta state nigeria. English on the rise in africa today, 26 countries in subsaharan africa use english either as an official language exclusively like nigeria and ghana or as an official language alongside another african language like in kenya or south africa negash, 2011. The syllabus are in pdf format and are free for download.

It is home to the three major language families on the african continent. The largest english speaking countries in africa are nigeria 198 million, ethiopia 110 million, south africa 58 million, tanzania 60 million, and kenya 50 million. Tanzania dumps english as its official language in schools. Because west african pidgin english is a primarily spoken language, there is no standardized written form, and many local varieties exist. The english language in francophone west africa hywel coleman this publication examines the language situations in eight west african nations benin, burkina faso, cote divoire, guinea, mali, mauritania, senegal and togo. Swahili along lake tanganyika and in the bujumbura area. Nov 29, 2016 the english speaking countries in west africa are 1.

Dictionary and grammar of the kongo language, as spoken at. Tanzania and kenya they have two official languages kiswahili and english. Causes of problems in learning english as a second language as perceived by higher secondary students introduction language is a very important means of communication. Learn names of these countries in africa with african flags to improve and enlarge your vocabulary words in english. Oct 15, 2017 history explains why cameroon is at war with itself over language and culture. Native african languages belonging to sudanic family spoken by 90% of the population. Here are all the millions speak this language in western africa answers. Syntactic and lexicosemantic variations in nigerian english. It is only offered to candidates residing in anglophone west african countries namely. This is mostly due to the extreme ethnic and linguistic diversity that prevails in the region. French translation of west africa the official collins englishfrench dictionary online.

Are you looking for neverending fun in this exciting logicbrain app. It is home to the three major language families on the. Sep 06, 2018 as global media brands push to expand their reach and audience, pidgin englisha language spoken by millions across west africais gaining currency. Pdf west african english in digital discourse researchgate. English speaking countries in west africa are ghana and nigeria. Save it you your phone, laptop or whatever device you are using and open it with any pdf reader. You need an online translator for translating english into african. Out of the entire african nations, there are 16 nations that make up the west african countries. English language teachers should devise the means of preventing the demerits of codeswitching and. With a relatively stable infrastructure and warm, friendly residents, cameroon is a fantastic place to teach in africa. English was thus used as a supplementary language and not a primary pidginised one as was the case in west africa for many speakers.

The gambia, sierra leone, ghana, nigeria, and cameroon english part. English is a west germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval england and eventually became a global lingua franca. English language as a medium of instruction in south africa contributes a great deal to the high failure rate and dropout rates among black students barry, 1999. In ugandan schools and collegesuniversities, english is the main language. There are more than a dozen african countries where english is an official language. More than 23 african countries list english as one of their official languages. As a result, in some countries where english is an official language, less than 1% of the population can speak it. We honestly hope that our automatic translator will help and simplify english african translation of texts. Nigercongo or perhaps atlanticcongo languages bantu and nonbantu, the inclusion of mande and a few other groups is disputed are spoken in west, central, southeast and southern africa afroasiatic languages are spread throughout western asia, north africa, the horn of africa and parts of the sahel.